abstract: Topological string theory has multiple connections with different areas in pure mathematics and theoretical physics. It can be view from the point of view of topological field theories, equivariant cohomology and localization, enumerative geometry, complex geometry and mirror symmetry, superstring theory, gauge theory and matrix models. The central object of the theory, the free energy, is defined perturbatively as an asymptotic series, and this opens the door to a resurgent perspective. In this talk I will describe the resurgent analysis of the free energy starting from perturbation theory, go on to construct the transseries that generalizes it, and consider its resummation into a fully nonperturbative function of the string coupling. I will connect this approach to recent developments on the nonperturbative completion for local Calabi--Yau backgrounds, and comment on the benefits and drawbacks of the resurgent point of view on topological string theory.