abstract: Let K be an algebraic number field, that is K is a finite extension of the field of rational numbers. The Primitive Element Theorem implies that the number field K can be generated over the field of rational numbers by a single element. We call such an element a generator of K. A simple and natural question is what the size of the smallest generator of a given number field is. In order to express this question more precisely, we will introduce some height functions. Then we will discuss some open problems and some recent progress in this area.