abstract: The Hitchin component is a preferred component in the character variety consisting of all homomorphisms from a surface group to PSLn(R), and corresponds to the Teichmüller space when n=2. Hitchin showed that the Hitchin component is diffeomorphic to the euclidean space of dimension 2(g-1)(n-1)(n+1). The goal of the minicourse is to provide geometric proofs of this result, of increasing complexity and applicability. We will also investigate geometric and dynamical properties of the homomorphisms that correspond to points in the Hitchin component.